Hector A. Ruiz

MBA, Project Manager, Tennis Player, Musician, and Author of "How to Destroy a Country"

Can Friends hold up? – Part 1

It has probably been about ten years since I last saw Friends. Week in, week out I glanced at both my DVDs (yikes), and more recently my Max playlist, in search for the right time to rewatch what was one of the biggest series of my generation. I finally did a couple of months ago.

Before I go into my review, I would like to address that a few years ago I had read a couple of articles and seen a few critiques regarding how the lack of diversity on the show affected its legacy, which as most likely you obviously know starred six Caucasian (I do not like using the term “white”), and that this impaired the possibility of Friends holding up and withstanding the test of time. I have always thought such negative criticism is unnecessary and uncalled for. I favor DEI as much as everyone else does, but having a show meet DEI just because modern society enforces it, kind of defeats the purpose of freedom and artistic creativity. To me it comes down to reality and perspectives: I have Caucasian friends, whose inner circle consists of exclusively of Caucasians, and it is not because they have any sort of discrimination against other races, it is simply because that is how it is; just as I have Caucasian friends who have a diverse inner circle; and the same applies to Latins, Indians, Asians. So honestly, back then and to this day I do not care if back then Friends was not diverse. I just care whether it is funny or not. With that out of the way, I can now dwell into the main topic.

This review will contain spoilers.

Friends’ first episode starts as your basic sitcom show: characters are bluntly introduced and in a few minutes the viewer is able to understand their different personalities and general dynamics. Chandler is the joke guy, Monica is the control freak, Joey is the cute dumb guy, Ross is the structured one, Phoebe is the Wacky, and Rachel the spoiled little princess. Somehow these people got together and over the years have been able to maintain a strong relationship that allows them to share their feelings, struggles, and moments of happiness and sadness while living in New York City. The first episode is clear in two aspects: 1) The series at its core is about Ross and Rachel; 2) The episodes will feature unusual situation. Keep in mind that by the time Friends came out, although both Seinfeld and the Simpsons were into their fourth season, there were still remnants of the 80s TV formula personified by Family Ties, Cheers and Full House. Therefore, audiences were wondering if there was going to be a “safe” sitcom with a “normal” plot. As episodes went on, it became clear Friends was gearing more on the risky side, but borderline close to the “safe” zone.

The first bomb of Ross divorcing his lesbian pregnant wife was a fantastic way to start the series, and a risky element to propel the first storyline. The second missile of Rachel transitioning from sweet spoiled little princess to hardworking member of society was an admirable way to ground it on the safe side. Throughout its existence, Friends played with this balance of being risky at times, and safe on other occasions. Monica sleeping with a guy on their first date was risky, while Phoebe -being the wacky one but good at heart- reporting she was deposited a large amount of money in her bank account was safe.

The series progresses with overall good episodes such as “The one with the East German laundry detergent” -a title that may not have aged well-, yet with a story that is funny and relatable; and “The one with the butt” in which Joey gets a role as Al Pacino’s butt double, while Chandler dates a polygamous woman. However as it happens with most great series, there is always one moment that elevates the show, or even better, a full episode: The one with the blackout. The plot is great, the acting is superb, the dialogue is hilarious:

Joey: You waited too long to make your move and now you’re in the ‘friend zone.’
Ross: No no no, I’m not in the zone.
Joey: No, Ross. You’re the mayor of the zone.

along with…

Chandler: rrrhhh, rrggggr, rrrrrrmmm, rrrkkkk
Monica: I have no idea what you just said.
Chandler: Put Joey on the phone.
Joey: What’s up man?
Chandler: rrrhhh, rrggggr, rrrrrrmmm, rrrkkkk!!!!!!!!
Joey: Oh my God, he’s trapped in an ATM vestibule with Jill Goodacre!!

along with…

No no no, I’m not in the zone.
Joey: No, Ross. You’re the mayor of the zone.

and of course…

“Hey Ross, I know this is a bad time, but you gotta throw a surprise party for Monica.”

What a way to end an episode! This is the first episode worthy of a 10 out 10.

Blackout is followed by similar quality episodes as the ones that preceded it, most of them are good in general, and have a few key moments that hint to what audiences witnessed in Blackout. Hank Azaria’s guest appearance is one of these moments. Jon Lovitz’s is too. The remaining episodes of the season are strong, mostly to the superb writing which as I mentioned earlier marvelously plays with that risk vs safe balance: The one with boobies, The one with two parts, The one with poker which is very good because of its realism on Rachel’s struggle with being rejected for that dream job she has been looking for, The one with the ick factor “Oh I’m a Senior!”, and the original season finale “The one with the birth”, which as you may or may not know, was objected by James Burrows who instead pushed for another episode, because he did not want a cliffhanger with a tone that the following season was going to be about Ross’ baby. Hence, “The one where Rachel finds out” was written, which is arguably as good as “Blackout”:

Rachel: What did you just say?
Chandler: Crystal duck?

…an amazing way to end a successful first season.

HR

What makes a good book?

A couple of years ago, some of my coworkers started a book club. They went through Killers of the Flower Moon, and a few other trendy books. This is how I became familiar with Fourth Wing. Just recently, Onyx Storm -the third title in the Empyrean series- made it to their hands. As soon as I saw the hardcover in their desks, my brain inevitably began lowering its control rods.

It had been two months since I published my Fourth Wing review, and as I carefully skimmed through the pages, the same question kept wandering my thoughts: “Over half a million reviews combined, sold out in a matter of minutes, people go crazy for this series: is it really that good? Am I missing something?”

The interaction that followed covered many topics, all of which would spin around the Empyrean series’ popularity, a feat I do not reject or disapprove in any way as I explained in my Fourth Wing post. In fact my natural response towards Empyrean is almost of complete indifference -genuine indifference, meaning neither fondness nor dislike- except for my perplexed feelings on how such a standard work has become so streamlined into our society. This indifference prompted one of my coworkers to then ask me: “What book -from pure literature- I would recommend?”

Even though similar in nature but different in output production, I have always found common ground between music, movies and literature. There are artists like Ed Sheeran who capitalize on a wide demographic, and there are artists like Van Der Graaf Generator, who only care on crafting beyond the boundaries of creativity. There are movies like Titanic, the type everyone has to go see just because it has two appealing leads in a straight forward three-arc structure predictable story, and there are movies like Brazil that will fry your brain for using braincells that have been drowsing for most of your life. And then there is the Empyrean series, a cultural phenomenon of the last years. Is it that good? Is it really that good?

Looking back over the years, I do not think I have a particular favorite literature device. It took me a while to answer my coworker’s question, because I have truthfully enjoyed the majority of literature works I have been fortunate to read: Huckleberry Finn, The Trial, Don Quixote, One Hundred Years of Solitude, Crime and Punishment, and it has nothing to do with them being “the classics” of literature. On the contrary, it has everything to do with how compelling is the story the author tells, how developed the characters are, what are the themes touched, what motifs drive the elements, the symbolism contained, how well literary devices are used, and other aspects that make the reading a pleasure to my senses, and not a dull routine obligation to comply with popular trends. This is why it took me a while to state one above the rest as my personal literature work: in essence, I rate them all equally. Take “A Tale of Two Cities” for example.

Widely labeled as not Dickens’ best work, even receiving mixed reviews when first published, and only gaining popularity by the early twentieth century, what I like about it is its depth and the amount of layers it has, as well as how robust and properly differentiated they are. It also helps that it is centered around the French Revolution -one of my favorite historical events-.

MINOR SPOILERS BELOW — Do not proceed if you haven’t read A Tale of Two Cities.

I will be the first to admit that A ToTC is not an easy book to read. The first couple of chapters move fast driven by Jarvis Lorry’s “Recalled to life” mission of rescuing Dr. Manette, but then the pace all goes downhill after that and submerges into full slow motion for an excruciatingly long time. You have to be very patient, as every page feels like an anvil. Especially the first time.

However this mental endurance Dickens puts the reader through is actually where the essence and beauty of the book firmly rests. It is not easy to initially grasp, but all the themes gradually begin taking shape as the story progresses. Character development is embodied through every chapter, rather than by isolated literary construction. There is an almost surgically methodical way in which Dickens creates the feelings of sympathy and revenge in the French side of the story, while growing ambivalence and happiness on the British side. This is one of the many dualities the book carries from its title and even starting on its first sentence: “A tale of two cities”. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times”. So in case you missed it, duality is the main theme of the book. But what does that mean?

A book’s theme is a central message the author uses as platform for the story that is being told to the reader. A ToTC contains many elements that are a literal or metaphorical representation of duality. The fact that England was living a prosperous time, contrasted against the poverty and oppression France was experiencing. This can also be exemplified by Charles Darnay -a well-established nobleman with a protocoled approach to life- and Sidney Carlson -a nobody who thinks nothing about himself, with an idealistic view to life. The fact that Dr. Manette is a well-educated established surgeon, who can relapse into a small timid human being who can barely communicate, traumatized by his tenure in prison; he, however, can be brought to life again and become a functional normal individual of society by his daughter Lucie. Dr. Manette being brought back to his normal life introduces the subtheme of resurrection, which is a consequence of duality (life vs. death).

There are many other subthemes of course, but resurrection I believe is the one with most important one. I would say justice and revenge are the ones with most exposure, due to the explicit narrative of the events surrounding the story. One of the reasons why I do not like the Star Wars prequel trilogy was specifically how poorly the theme of Anakin’s fall to the Dark Side of the Force was handled. The emptiness of him leaving his mother without any justification of why did not he rescue him during the ten years or so when he had the opportunity, the mindless actions of his futile revenge against the Sandpeople, and his absolute inability to properly judge a mentor from a conman, leads any viewer with common sense to conclude the inevitable: Anakin fell to the Dark Side because he was taken away from his mother for no reason, he was passed over a promotion in his job, and his wife abandoned him when he lost his mind and went crazy. There are worse things that happen to someone in life and people are able to get themselves back up and become stronger. In Anakin’s case, it felt he never should have become a Jedi, and should have been institutionalized instead. A ToTC deals with the same themes: abandonment, resurrection and revenge, however it builds them up in such an effective way, that the reader can easily relate two each one of the characters that manifest the actions of these themes, and this includes minor secondary characters. Whether the reader likes it or not, or whether if they agree with Madame Defarge’s ideals, they fully comprehend the authenticity of her feelings, which is expressed through her knitting. Nothing similar to this occurs in Fourth Wing, and that is why Yarros’ book fails to impress me from a critical perspective: everything is linear and predictable, and the narrative has no depth.

A ToTC on the other hand, holds the reader through every page without any clue on what will unfold next, while maintaining a robust base on its motifs. When Mr. Stryver, Darnay and Carlson, all share their feelings towards Lucie, your initial reaction is to believe there will be a confrontation between them, or a major development to resolve the conflict. However, almost immediately it is revealed that it was all a red herring, and any subplot is discarded as Lucie marries Darnay. The book also wanders for two or three chapters with almost nothing happening at all other than describing’s Lucie and Darnay happy lives, which makes the revelations that come out on the third part stand out even more: Dr. Manette’s origin story, Darnay’s family story. Darnay’s liberation and re-arrest, which leads to his death sentencing. It all works so effectively, because by this time, everything that Dickens has been feeding the reader has now taken form and is now a solid palpable structure in their mind, which all sides visible, tangible, and exposed. Carlton’s sacrifice is perhaps the most beautiful side of the structure.

I do not want to overanalyze the book, as there is plenty of fabric for the reader to work with, so for now I will leave brief exploration as is, summarizing that these are some of the many reasons that make A ToTC a wonderful, thoughtful, and enjoyable read.

HR

Happy New Year 2025!

Happy New Year 2025!

HR

The spaceship that keeps taxiing

As far back as I can remember, The Beatles have always been my favorite band. Not only that, but I also rate them as the most influential band of all time, and anyone who says otherwise should receive history and music lessons for a full year. They are the greatest band / musical artist of all-time period. Unquestioned. Undoubted. Undeniably.

So what about the Rolling Stones? I mean after all, many fans and pundits point to the Stones as the greatest band of all time after The Beatles. As far back as I can remember, I have never really cared that much about The Rolling Stones. I do not dislike them, I actually enjoy all their songs. However to me, they have always sounded like the band that tried to be better than The Beatles, but never could. To me, if there was a textbook dictionary definition of “second fiddle”, it would be The Rolling Stones. So this past weekend I decided to listen to all their discography, song by song, to try to understand why are they rated so highly in the musical spectrum. I have been listening to them all my life. I listened to them non-stop with a now more mature ear to see if my perception of them changed, and I could appreciate their greatness as others do. In the end, my perception remained unchanged. Given the result, I decided to share my thoughts on why The Rolling Stones are rated so highly, beginning with the premise that far from being the second greatest band of all time, 

The Rolling Stones might in fact be the most overrated band of all time.

#1. Marketing.

I am obviously not a baby-boomer, so I was not around at the time the Stones rose to fame. However as you should probably know, I am an avid reader and an amateur historian who enjoys time traveling to different eras and relating to how events and people influenced life.

As The Beatles took over the musical streamline, several copycats / competitors emerged. Many were frauds, many were talented -but not as talented-, but none could equal John, Paul, George and Ringo. My guess is that there was a definitive push by other records / labels / producers, to incentive some sort of competition and / or rivalry with The Beatles. The band who benefited the most from this push, are The Rolling Stones. Think about it: The Yardbirds, The Monkeys, The Kinks, The Animals… all failed. The Who and The Beach Boys just could not keep up. And then there were The Stones.

#2. Mick Jagger.

I do not know what “it” is, but Mick Jagger has it.

Every single woman I have dated -and almost every single woman I have met- has been attracted to Mick Jagger. I have always found this remarkable. The guy is skinny as fuck. He is not handsome, he is not… anything. What do women see in him beats me.

#2.1. Mick Jagger, the frontman.

Continuing the above analysis, there is something crucial that I recognize of Mick -even if his irresistible manly attributes to women escape me-: Mick created the frontman figure. Before The Stones, a band’s singer was merely, well… exactly that: the signer and no more. The Beatles did not need a frontman, because they were so frigging talented, their music functioned as a vehicle for any audible and visible vein they as artists needed to fuel audiences. However, aside from them, Eric Burdon was just The Animals’ singer, just like Jack Bruce for Cream. Jimi Hendrix was the singer for his band, but his prowess as a guitarist were the main protagonist of his performances.

Mick on the other hand, established the role of a singer who could interact with the audience, and evoke feelings from them beyond those originated from the band’s songs. His dancing, his mannerisms, his expressiveness, would elevate the band, and his particular role within the band. If you think about it, Mick does not even have a great voice. He is an average signer at best, easily surpassed by even Ringo Starr. But by incorporating a persona that magnifies the role of a singer and expands it into what is now known as a frontman, Mick was able to stand out like no one else did.

Now give the frontman a great voice, and now you have a real powerhouse on stage, which is how Robert Plant and Freddie Mercury elevated the role of a band’s frontman. Peter Gabriel also elevated it, albeit in a different way, with complex lyrics and costumes to portray characters from Genesis songs.

#3. Exploiting sensitive topics.

The band releases an album with a cover that looks awfully similar to Sergeant Pepper’s. They also write a song about the devil -which ultimately becomes one of their masterpieces-.

So why does my opinion of The Stones remain the same? Well, in short because they fail to impress me. Other than their biggest hits, most of their songs feel kind repetitive. When I was listening to Exile on main street, I had a hard time distinguishing between the tracks. At one point I thought I had been listening to a fifteen-minute piece, when in fact four songs had gone by. Mother’s little helper has always been my favorite song of them. It’s a great piece with great lyrics, but still, remove the sitar and it’s just a flat song in A-Major repeating the same musical theme for three minutes straight. Compare that to The Beatles, where you have not one, but four distinct and unique voices capable of bringing a plethora of emotions to the listener. In The Stones, you are stuck with Mick since 1963.

Then there is the band itself. If you asked me to name what I consider the second greatest band of all time, I will have to do a lot of research and homework to come up with a single choice. However, when it comes to naming options, they would be: Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple Mark II, Pink Floyd, and Genesis. Deep Purple would have probably been the second greatest, had Mark II survived longer than what it did. Pink Floyd could hold the title, but they are not quite there yet for reasons that deserve a separate entry. Genesis -Gabriel’s era- is another strong candidate, but unfortunately, they are too niche. So let’s talk about Led Zeppelin and how do they compare to the Stones as candidates for second greatest band of all time. For the sake of argument, let’s assume Zeppelin’s catalogue is original -meaning let’s not bring up the plagiarism issue-.

Mick Jagger vs. Robert Plant: this is perhaps the only aspect one could evenly weigh. Still, Plant’s voice is infinitely superior to Jagger’s.

Keith Richards vs. Jimmy Page: Richards is a great guitarist, one of the best of all time. My issue with him is that, other than a few glimpses of creativity here and there, he never truly evolved. Page on the other hand, created memorable riffs, solos, works of art that are studied to this day. Yes, Satisfaction is great, and I am quite sure it was groundbreaking when it came out, but if Satisfaction broke new ground, then How many more times broke a new core; Whole lotta love created a new planet; Immigrant song sent us into outer space; and Stairway to Heaven, well… it’s Stairway to Heaven.

Brian Jones / Other guy vs. John Paul Jones: you know you have a problem when you kind of struggle to remember the band members of what supposedly the second greatest band of all time is. I will keep this one simple. As great as Brian Jones was, he was no John Paul Jones.

Charlie Watts vs. John Bonham: this one is not even fair.

…so broken individually, The Rolling Stones cannot even compare to Led Zeppelin. You can make the case that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts, but going back to the original premise, that only holds true for The Beatles. The fact is that Zeppelin is by far a superior combination of individual musicianship.

What is left is then the comparison of their respective peaks: 1963-1972 for The Stones, and 1968-76 for Zeppelin. During this period, The Stones released: Rolling Stones now, Out of our heads, December’s children, Aftermath, Between the buttons, Their satanic majesties request, Beggars banquet, Let it bleed, Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St.

Zeppelin did: I, II, III, IV, Houses of Holy, and Physical Graffiti. Each one of these albums is a masterpiece. There is not a single wasted track. 64 songs, one better than the other. Some conventional, some rock, some blues, some folk, some with mythological references, some with Caribbean influences, some funk, some ballads.

On to specific songs from their catalogues, Satisfaction is a classic, and even as simple as it is, it definitely broke new ground when it came out, especially thanks to Richards’ riff. Sympathy for the devil also deserves this label. That being said, the rest of their catalogue is not on par to either of them. In fact, some of their songs sound like rejects of several Beatles sessions. As much as I like She’s a rainbow, I can’t help to think of it as a song Paul McCartney wrote and then discarded for not making the cut. As thoughtful as Paint it, black is, I can’t stop thinking its signature melody would not have been possible had The Beatles not written Norwegian wood. As beautiful as Angie is, I can’t help but feel that Jagger’s voice does not fit it and it should have been sung by another vocalist. Honky tonk women sounds like something Lennon wrote during a three day hungover, and then threw it in the trash after coming back to his senses. I must reiterate I am not stating they are bad songs and I am not saying I do not like them. I really do like them a lot, but I can also think of many other songs I would consider better from a musical perspective and more influential as an artist’s work. I would happily listen to a double sided album of discarded Lennon-McCartney songs all day, as I am sure there were dozens of great pieces that never made it into their albums, and there is probably a reason why that was the case.

Led Zeppelin on the other hand, wrote arguably one of the greatest songs of all time, and additionally have a wide variety of equally great songs that showcase the bands musical talents both collectively and individually. One can make the case of plagiarism, but still, Page’s mistake was not to give credit to their original authors; his mistake was not to attempt to copy someone else’s style. Even when looking at both band’s respective peaks, I always draw the following conclusion:

  • Between 1963 to 1970, the Stones were always second to the Beatles.
  • Between 1970 to 1976, one could make the case Stones were not the greatest band in the world. There were so many options to choose from: Pink Floyd, Genesis, Yes… there was never a single band that could claim that spot so firmly during that period of time, and if anything, one could make the case that honor belonged to Led Zeppelin.

Overall, both band’s catalogue is very close, but due to their variety and multiplicity of themes, I have to give the advantage to Led Zeppelin. And keep in mind this is only making the comparison of the Stones against other bands. If I bring soloist artists into the mix, things would probably get worse for them. I would rate Michael Jackson as most influential and better than the stones. I would rate Madonna too.

As I close these lines, I think of that comment I overheard from Roger Federer. “How can he be considered the greatest of all time, when thanks to Djokovic and Nadal, he’s not even the greatest of his era.” That is what The Rolling Stones are to me. They are like a spaceship that keeps taxiing waiting to take off, but never does… and never did.

HR

Merry Christmas!

…and Happy Holidays to everyone!

HR

Fourth wing

Fourth Wing by Rebecca Yarros is an enlightening book, not precisely for being a literary masterpiece, but for originating a new marketing case study on consumer behavior.

As I write these lines, Fourth Wing sits at Amazon with a mesmerizing 285,000 ratings averaging 4.8 out of 5 stars, and 278,000 reviews on Goodreads and an average rating of 4.57. To put it in perspective, The Beatles merchandise ratings add up to tens of thousands. The Harry Potter box set features sixty thousand ratings -with Sorcerer’s stone leading with 130,000. Granted it is possible a significant percentage of those 285,000 ratings are spam, still would it be safe to say that even at the worst case, at least a third of them are legit? Maybe a quarter? Does that mean that 70,000 people made a conscious decision to rate this book a collective 4.8 out of 5? Not even Game of Thrones, Harry Potter or Lord of the Rings feature comparable numbers. “There has to be something astonishly great about it”, I thought. Spoilers: there is not.

I got my hands on Fourth wing while I was also reading another fantasy sci-fi story (Sun – The Reborn series). I realized I needed some sort of compass from the genre in order to properly review Sun, so I figured that using Fourth wing as reference would be the best choice based on the recent trend that has driven its popularity to stratospheric heights. “Maybe this is the standard of the sci-fi fantasy genre”, I thought.

As I breezed through the pages, a recurring thought would accompany my reading: “Who can enjoy this book? The writing is predictable, the characters have every possible stereotype you can imagine, the plot is non-sensical… so what is so great about it?

Some of the highlights include (general paraphrasing):

“I love you, but I can’t…”

“You are not meant to be a dragon rider, because you are (insert random challenge) …”

“He is so evil to me, and that’s what makes him so irresistible…”

There is nothing wrong with these cliches. In fact, there is nothing wrong with teenage love and artists exploiting it. This is the same wave Ed Sheeran and even The Beatles rode during their initial years as band. Unlike the former, fortunately the latter evolved from the trend, and that is how they became the greatest influential band in occidental music, but back in their early pop days, you just had to switch off the thinking part of your brain, pay no attention to the lyrics, and enjoy the ride for what it was. In order to finish Fourth wing, you may have to do the same thing: enjoy the fantastic amalgamation of the highlights from some of the most successful artistic works from the past twenty years:

1. Dragons, from Game of Thrones.

2. A school / training location setting, from Harry Potter.

3. A major war taking place in middle Earth, as in Lord of the Rings.

4. A frail female lead character, like in Divergent.

5. A romance element of a young female discovering love, as in Twilight.

6. A young female lead character with outstanding skills, like in Hunger Games.

7. A spectacular very explicit sex narrative, as in… well, all books that need a spectacular very explicit sex narrative because the core elements of proper writing are missing.

…so the problem that I kept running into was that every time I flipped a page, I found myself saying / THINKING out loud: “That’s from Game of Thrones”, or “Oh, just like it happened in Lord of the Rings”, or “Ok, this kind of feels like that scene from Divergent”. Therefore, unless you haven’t read any of those books (or watched the movies), Fourth Wing -like Sun- will hardly surprise you. With so many references, I felt like this book tried to cover multiple ideas, and while it didn’t quite fail at its attempt, it never truly succeeded because it neither displayed any originality, nor it developed any of the themes to a deeper level. It is hard to become interested in a story where so little effort has been made on its construct.

Even with the critical part of my brain switched off, there were two things that slightly bothered me about the book. The first one was the hardest to get past by: the dialogue. It was a little off-putting that the personalities of these middle Earth / medieval characters resembled modern 202X Tik-Tok teenagers. For most of the book I felt like I was overhearing a conversation from a group of kids hanging out at a New York City bar. I was actually expecting Violet to say something like: “Fuck me!! This is so cool!” I was actually shocked it did not happen. It was very disappointing to read such poorly written teenage dialogue. For context, good dialogue written for teenage characters would be: Arya Stark, Frodo Baggins, or Harry Potter. They do not say “Fuck” every other line.

The second grip was from a contextual perspective given the setting where the narrative takes place. I am guessing that this war has been going on for quite some time, and that after several years of fighting it has taken its toll on Navarre. The vast efforts to win the war are palpable, meaning that hundreds if not thousands of people are needed to win it. If that is the case, then why do volunteers who are not skilled in a particular trade have to die. Why not give them another job and sign up for something else? I get it. Becoming a Dragon rider is a life-or-death deal, but couldn’t they become supply carriers, healer assistants, or something to that effect, as it happened with Starship Troopers, or even that goofy movie Hot Shots?

As it happened with Sun, there is nothing profound in Fourth wing. There is no major revelation, no major character transformation, no grand arc, and nothing to have it stand out as a literary masterpiece. Did I dislike Fourth wing? No. Would I recommend it? I can come up with dozens of other better books to read over this book that felt more like a Saturday morning cartoon show that dragged on forever.

There is nothing wrong with Fourth wing. Unless you don’t want to be singled out as the one person in your circle who hasn’t read it, you are honestly not missing anything special by not reading it. On the contrary, you are missing a lot in life if you have not read Dune, 1984, The Prince, or the Divine Comedy. Fourth wing is just an average book that has all the ingredients to become hugely popular (which it did), but not transcendent. The characters are decent, the story is decent, the writing is mediocre. 4.8 out of 5, as in better than War and Peace, Don Quixote, and Huckleberry Finn? No.

A quarter of a million ratings averaging 4.8 out of 5. Maybe it is just my opinion that Fourth wing is not that great and in reality, it is. Maybe it is not that great, and a quarter of a million people are unfamiliar with past literary works Fourth wing not only draws inspiration from, but actually copies ideas from. Maybe the roles of good writing have reversed and The Divine Comedy, The Trial, and Great expectations are being revealed as poorly written, and Fourth wing is the proponent of the new literary world order. Then again, I want to think there is a reason why these literary works have survived for hundreds of years, and are still studied to this day. Will Fourth wing become one of them too? Only time will tell… or maybe it will become an HBR case study.

HR

The Substance

This is a spoiler-free review.

Every generation or so, a new director with a groundbreaking vision appears in the artistic scene of cinema. Sometimes it is two or three. Lean and Kurosawa, Fellini and Kubrick, Spielberg and Lucas, Lynch and Scorsese, and most recently, Nolan, Anderson and Aronofsky. All of them pioneered in one or many ways the art of visual storytelling. While watching The Substance this past weekend, I kept wondering if Coralie Fargeat is the embodiment of this generation’s new groundbreaking vision for movie-making.

Take Nolan for example: most people will immediately associate his name with The Dark Knight trilogy, Interstellar, or  -most recently- Oppenheimer, with a minority being familiar with Memento or Insomnia. Take David Lynch: well-known thanks to Mulholland Drive, Twin Peaks and Blue Velvet, but not so much for Eraserhead or The elephant man. Or take Aronofsky for Black Swan and The Wrestler, but not so much for Pi or Requiem for a dream, the latter of which I will reference in this review given the amount of similarities it share with The Substance.

With a daring combination of driving inspiration from Kubrick, Fargeat does not eschew on either visual or narrative story telling, instead relying heavily on both special effects and properly executed exaggerated dialogue to appeal to different types of audiences, from those who appreciate the poignant emotion of an ambition tale turned into madness, to those who will enjoy the absurdity of overacting adequately used for comedic effect.

However as I previously stated, it is Requiem for a Dream the true framework that was used for The Substance. If you have seen Requiem and watch the Substance, you will immediately relate to my thesis; if you have not seen Requiem, but you have seen The Substance, and watch Requiem next, you will join me as a proponent of their undeniable connection. I truly liked The Substance, though I am not prepared to say it is great or brilliant movie. The plot was good, creative, and even though the premise is simple, it brings a surprising emotional depth I have not seen in a while. Who could not relate to the thought of being able to live the life of a zenith version of yourself? How far would you go to live that life? How willing would you be to sacrifice part of your well-being to see a better version of yourself triumph in aspects you would not be able to? Alas hope can lead to bad decisions.

I have always thought Demi Moore is a good actress. She had great roles in the late eighties and early nineties with Ghost, A few good men and Nothing but trouble, until she let her ability to capitalize on her name blind herself from selecting good scripts, with a fall from grace that began with Striptease, and kept sinking to new lows with G.I. Jane and Charlie’s Angels. Other than a few glimpses of her glory days shown in Margin call, this is the first time since the early nineties I witnessed her fully utilizing her talents and living up to her potential. In The Substance, she marvelously delivers a heartbreaking yet realistic performance of a huge star past her prime who looks to relive her glory years. You can almost feel that she is not playing the part, but in reality living it. Thanks to Fargeat’s direction, the end product is a film filled with images that leave an permanent imprint on your mind, and a voice that resonates as an hymn to how selfishness leads to self-destruction.

Margaret Qualley also delivers a solid performance, but is not as good as Demi’s. You would expect her character Sue to be a pusillanimous contrast to Demi’s Elisabeth, or at least the single character with a conscience, but I guess it is part of the film’s message: that once you become part of the system, there is no way out. Yet even though Qualley does her best, he is greatly aided by Fargeat’s direction. Going back to the comparison with Requiem, I could not resist to see the paralelisms with Qualley and Jennifer Connelly, and with Demi and Ellen Burstyn (Connelly being far superior than Qualley, and Demi coming close to Burstyn’s performance, but not that close). Since there is no counterpart character for Jared Leto or Marlon Wayans, The Substance stands out as a more multi-faceted individual character study, than Requiem with its hard-hitting theme shared by all four protagonists. When measured against Requiem, The Substance needed the Kronos quartet (it also needed Keith David). The Substance might have better box-office numbers and reach out to a wider audience, but Requiem will always be the better between the two.

Regardless of how unappreciated the early works of great directors are, or how Aronofsky’s Requiem impact in filmmaking might be overlooked and undermined by The Substance’s, Fargeat excels at bringing a fresh perspective to brand new audiences unfamiliar with means and methods pioneered twenty years ago, by paying homage to many shoulders of the greats she stands upon: Kubrick’s framing and cinematography, Aronofsky’s visual techniques, and Waters’ unpredictability. There is also some David Cronenberg in it.

In the end The Substance is one of those films where rating will come down to tastes. Some audiences may find it boring, others interesting, others puzzling, and others too simplistic. I will rate The Substance 7 out of 10. It would have been a solid 8 / 10 had it ended twenty minutes before it did. Unfortunately, its third act tried to outdo The Fly’s, and it ended up slightly resembling Malignant’s, where the audience are left to wonder whether the film’s message was intended for the viewer or the establishment… or both.

A very watchable film I recommend to anyone. Then again, so is Requiem for a Dream.

HR

“Sun” by Torrie Q. Jones

Written by Torrie Q. Jones (Instagram, X), Sun is the first book of the Reborn sci-fi / fantasy series I was asked to review. It tells the story of Adam and Taki, two characters who experience a rebirth that allow them to become part of a conflict between the world of Demons and Angels. This review is spoiler free.

In order to establish my reviewing parameters, a 5-star book in this genre would be something comparable to Game of Thrones, Lord of the Rings or Harry Potter. A 4-star work would be a book, that is not as good as the aforementioned works, such as the recent popular best-seller “Fourth wing“. “Sun” is on neither category. So, where does it fall? In order to find that out, I will go over its positive aspects, the elements that contain room for improvement, and finally, its negative aspects. Let’s start with the positives.

The story is good. It is a relatable tale of exactly what the author promises to deliver. Set in the present time in New York City, it provides a sense of reality the reader will appreciate in an otherwise plethora of works that are supposedly set in medieval / middle Earth times, yet feature characters with modern personalities and dialogues.

The characters in “Sun” are well constructed and somewhat relatable (more on this in the upcoming lines). They feel real and are given plenty of humanity, although sometimes maybe too much.

The reading did not feel boring, and I would go as far as to say that it was engaging. All these elements drive the book to succeed in meeting the minimum standards of a coherent story the reader will be able to follow and -hopefully- enjoy. Now for the areas of improvement.

The is very little embellishment of the narrative, which is more presented in a report form, and while the characters are properly given a spectrum of emotions in their thoughts and actions, the narrative -which is essential for the reader to dive into the story-, lacks humanity. Almost everything is stated as if it was a report, rather than developed in a compelling way. There are plenty of literary devices and resources to develop a narrative, to describe a character, establish a location, build a setting, and outline events, yet the author rarely uses any. For instance, I could describe Taki using something along the lines of:

“Even though short in stature, she always emerged portraying a determined, disciplined, and consummate professional, a character she built during her years studying in Japan, after being made fun of during her first weeks in her school in Okinawa for being small and a little chubby.

Very quickly Taki resolved to not allow herself be looked down by even the shortest person around her. She enrolled in jujutsu, an endeavor that paid off by having her embrace the physical and philosophical teachings of the ancient art, and while not the best student in her class, her performance would consistently be placed in the upper half. This gave her the much needed confidence she strived, living so far away from her home. In a short period of time, Taki grew into the person the world would begin to see in a different way. Straight shoulders that pushed her breasts forwards, presenting herself in an imposing and respectful, yet not vulgar way, as to announce to the world “I am here”, was the pose she adopted. Her resounding footsteps could be heard fifty feet away from where she was, and because of her short legs, she would move in quick steps at a pace of two steps for every second, taken with the precision of a metronome. With her full body in motion, deceivingly curvy at a distance due to her inclination to dress in baggy clothes, but well-muscled in reality, Taki was one to make sure her presence was known everywhere she went, to the ears with her walk and to the eyes with her caramel bronze-like bright skin, which was the final icing that completed the reasons why she would shine and stand out within any room she walked in.”

By using a text like the above, there is information being conveyed to the reader, both from her physical appearance and her personality, as well as a little bit of her life. Additionally, the door is open for a deeper understanding of the character. When reading a book, readers desire to quench their intellectual thirst, so it is better to let them gradually learn more about the story, the ambient, the history, and especially the characters. In comparison, in “Sun”, Taki is described as if we are reading a dossier:

“She stood at five feet nine inches, two hundred and twenty pounds”; “jet black thick coarse hair that reached the middle of her back, (…)”; “Her martial arts training undeniable helped put some more definition into those curves.”

Unless it is relevant to the story, as in there is a height limitation somewhere down the road, or a MacGuffin mechanism that is triggered by a mass greater than that 220 lb., the reader does not need to know the exact height and weight of a character… or exact breast size. This briefing approach occurs with almost all the characters.

Metaphors are seldom in the narrative, there is little foreshadowing, no alliteration, minimal imagery, and no euphemisms. The point of views switch so quickly, there is very little time to settle on a character’s persona. Another reviewer mentioned its “mental-movie“-like feeling “given by the details“, which is similar to my sentiment. The reason is because “Sun” feels more like a movie script, than a book. This is not something particularly bad, but it is definitely an aspect that needs to be improved if the author wants their book to read and feel like a book, and not a typical three act movie script setup, confrontation and resolution. My favorite chapter was Breakfast, which was well written, and filled with exposition that gave the characters the chance to evoke feelings within their setting, but more importantly, all mounted over a framework that contained an artistic narrative. However, Breakfast was the exception to the norm. I must reiterate that there is nothing wrong with the narrative missing literary devices. However having them would have elevated it.

On to the characters, there were times in which the two main characters felt they were the same person. Their introduction, development and arcs were similar. On a few occasions I was wondering if it would have been beneficial to merge them as a single character with a better overall construct. Also, while the protagonists are well presented and their importance is clearly understood, the story lacked an antagonist of at least close to equal degree of magnitude as Adam and Taki. The “bad guys” never felt intimidating, menacing or even capable of threatening the protagonists. Overall, every character -good or evil- is generic, which is not necessarily bad either, but leads to the following: unless you have not read any books, or watched any sci-fi / fantasy movies or series, “Sun” will rarely surprise you. Due to the fact based narrative, the story is predictable and became monotonous at times. An example of this is that Adam remained as a fish out of water for way too long, even through the third act.

From the very beginning it is clear that “Sun” will not allude a Sydney Carlson-like sacrifice, a Roy Batty-eque ending monologue, a Tyrion Lannister self-finding journey, or manifest a Captain Nemo conflicting personality. However, a glimpse of any of those moments would have heighten the characters and enhanced the book as a whole. The most intriguing characters were Chike and Lucia, who I feel the author was betting heavily on them being the big revelation, but even they resulted generic and predictable. Again, not that this is a bad thing. Is the characeter’s construct work for the story, and are they effective in creating an emotional connection with the reader? Yes. Are any of the memorable characters? No.

In the end, the final confrontation between good and evil felt flat because the stakes were not high, despite all the efforts the author put on the build-up to it. The good guys were just good for the sole reason that they were “special”, and since the bad guys did not have any motivation they were simply bad given their labeling as demons. An introduction of a motif or symbolism, an elaboration on the elements surrounding the world, the reasons why they were in jeopardy, and a deeper look into their motivations would have definitely favored the excitement of the story.

There was a moment in which “Sun” made me feel as if I was reading a novelization of Matrix and Independence Day. The former as an example of a product with a protagonist that is the least interesting and most generic of all the characters in the story, that ultimately succeeded financially and critically because every other character that converges towards Neo, is profound and well constructed -including the antagonist-. The latter because it is an example of a product that became financially successful employing generic one-dimensional characters and a predictable linear story. Now, on to the negatives.

The majority of the book’s flaws are due to bad editing. Not too deep into the reading, I had to go back and confirm I had read there was a credited editor. Let’s examine the issues:

  1. The tone took too long to set. Just because the story progresses in a coherent linear manner does not mean the way it is told is adequate for the genre. Up until the end of the first third, “Sun” felt more like a romance novel rather than a sci-fi fantasy story. Close to the end of the first third, there are a couple of chapters (particularly one in which Xeno and Dillon are introduced) that would have effectively worked in establishing the book’s tone and developing the story, had they been moved to the beginning. This was a major miss on the editor.
  2. The formatting is not good. Since the reading transmits that the author was more focused on stating facts rather than conveying a beautiful narrative, proper formatting could have aided in polishing the structure. Instead, the paragraphs felt like blocks in which a particular item was stated, discussed and closed, move on, as if the reader is being briefed. The abundance of several four pages chapters leads to too many chapters; the majority could have been condensed in order to facilitate the reading. The blank spaces at the end of random pages was also confusing.
  3. The unexpected tonal shifts and vulgarity. As an author myself, I always go back to the question my editor poses to my manuscripts: is this element (word, sentence, paragraph) necessary to the story? Is it adding any value? If the answer to any of those questions is “No”, then get rid of it. Nothing in this book would have suffered if 95% of the cursing and vulgarity would have been removed. Everything has a place and time. “Fourth wing” made the same mistake, but to a lesser degree. In “Sun” it goes way overboard. It is hard to take the story seriously when two highly profiled characters are having a serious conversation about a matter that propels the plot, when all of a sudden they shift the tone to a completely uncalled for nuisance of dialogue filled of explicit language. I laughed several times due to the unlikelihood of the situation.

These are the negative aspects I recommend the author should fix on their next work. So the final question is, how do I rate “Sun“?

I am going to give this book three out of five stars. As it happened with “Independence Day“, it meets the minimum requirements of a coherent linear readable and enjoyable story, but nothing more. Does it have potential to become a best-seller? Yes. With the help of a better editor and even another writer to address the points I highlighted, I can see this series becoming a success for its audience. Will it be memorable on its own if it remains unchanged? That is up to the audience.

HR

US Open 2024

Twenty-two years.

Twenty-two years had to pass in order to have a Grand Slam Champion not named Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal or Novak Djokovic. Keep in mind the count is still going for a Grand Slam not to feature a finalist not named Federer, Nadal or Djokovic (who made it to the Australian and Wimbledon, but fell short on both occasions).

Congratulations to Jannik Sinner. I watched him play five years ago and I knew he was going to win the US Open one day.

Hr

The worst band breakups: Oasis

Today we are resuming my “Worst Band Breakups” series. So far I have covered Supertramp and Styx. Today I will discuss the band that prompted me to start this series: Oasis.

I first heard Oasis back in 1994, and I went to see them at Earl’s Court in 1995, when they were -arguably- at their absolute prime. Even then, the Gallagher brothers were not particularly friendly to each other. At first I thought it was an act, but in time myself (as well as everyone around the world who followed them)m realized that their dislike for each other was genuine. As it happened with Supertramp, the reasons for the rocky relation between the brothers is filled with rumors, unconfirmed stories, and a lot of speculation. The general consensus though takes us through the early years of the band.

Supposedly, Liam and Noel never got along, even as kids. There was a particular famous story about Noel playing guitar as a teenager and Liam pounding a tin drum incoherently just to annoy his older brother. As they grew older, Liam was the one who founded Oasis. Noel was a member of a somewhat unsuccessful band and would rarely interact with his brother, especially when it came to music. Eventually Liam realized that Noel was a way better musician, composer and songwriter than any of the members of his band -including himself-, and ended up inviting Noel to join them. This is how Oasis was formed.

Noel quickly assumed control of the band and started outputting the series of hits we are all familiar with that resulted in their first two albums: Definitely maybe, and What’s the story (Morning glory)?, all by himself. With nothing left to do, Liam -again, younger brother- was left relegated to a secondary position. However he still had quite an important role: lead signer and front man. Still, as time went on, Noel kept on berating on Liam, and Liam had no other option but to sit back and take it, with signing being his only escape route. I am no phycologist, but to me this is a classical younger brother syndrome.

As the years went on, Noel started to sing in a few of the band’s songs, which left Liam even more outcast. Cornered, Liam started behaving like a spoiled little brother: he started showing up late to the studio, or drunk, or late and drunk; he started showing up late to concerts, or drunk, or late and drunk; in addition to drinking, he started venturing into drugs; all of this while presenting himself as the absolute leader and cornerstone of Oasis.

By the early 2000s, the excess life and abuse led Liam’s voice to deteriorate, and by the middle of the decade it rapidly descended into putting him in a position where he was an image without sound during their live shows. When Noel demanded Liam to come clean and provide a reasonable explanation of his failing voice, he responded that he had health issues, which were never disclosed. Noel then would begin to doubt whether if there were any medical issues at all, and suspected that the cause of Liam’s decline was the abusing lifestyle he was living without showing any dedication or commitment to the band. Finally, in 2009 Noel had enough and released the below statement

“It is with some sadness and great relief…I quit Oasis tonight. People will write and say what they like, but I simply could not go on working with Liam a day longer.”

Supposedly they have not spoken to each other since… until now.

With the upcoming tour in the books all over England and Ireland, several
questions are pondered by Oasis’ fans:

  • Why reunite after so long denying any possibility? Are the reasons financial?

and more importantly:

  • Will they be able to survive the tour without breaking up.

Stay tuned and we will see.

HR

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